HPLC-CAD法测定元胡止痛胶囊中生物碱和香豆素

目的建立高效液相色谱法联合二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)法同时测定元胡止痛胶囊中延胡索乙素、盐酸黄连碱、去氢延胡索甲素、延胡索甲素、欧前胡素和异欧前胡素。方法采用HPLC-CAD法,Thermo Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈–10 mmol/L甲酸铵(甲酸调pH 4.0),梯度洗脱;体积流量0.8 mL/min;CAD雾化器温度为35℃;柱温35℃;进样量为20μL。结果延胡索乙素、盐酸黄连碱、去氢延胡索甲素、延胡索甲素、欧前胡素和异欧前胡素分别在0.041～1.020、0.013～0.320、0.068～1.700、0.041～1.020、0.101～2.520、0.039～0.980μg与峰面积线性关系良好;平均回收率分别为98.41%、98.89%、98.32%、99.35%、98.05%、98.67%,RSD值分别为0.9%、1.4%、0.7%、1.1%、0.7%、0.9%。结论该方法准确、简便、灵敏度高,可用于元胡止痛胶囊中生物碱和香豆素类多成分的质量控制研究。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎130例CT分布特点及征象研究

目的探讨2019新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)影像学表现。方法根据纳入标准和排除标准收集2020年1月20日至2月5日来自全国多家医院确诊COVID-19病例130例,按分布特点进行分型,分析其影像学特征。结果(1)分布:单侧14例(10.7%),双侧116例(89.3%);胸膜下型(102例78.4%),小叶核心型99例(76.1%),弥漫型8例(6.1%);(2)数目:单发病灶9例(6.9%),多发病灶113例(86.9%),弥漫8例(6.1%);(3)密度:仅为磨玻璃影(GGO)70例(53.8%),GGO与实变影兼有60例(46.2%);(3)伴随征象:血管增粗100例(76.9%),胸膜平行征98例(75.3%),"细网格征"100例(76.9%),"晕征"13例(10%),"反晕征"6例(4.6%),3例胸腔积液(2.3%),2例肺气囊(1.5%)。未见空洞。35患者行CT复查,21例(60%)好转,14例(40%)加重。结论COVID-19影像学特点主要以胸膜下及小叶核心分布为主,两者均可融合成片,重症者发展为双肺弥漫;最有价值的特征是"胸膜平行征";恢复期表现为边缘收缩的实变影,支气管扩张,胸膜下线或纤维条索影。     

Analysis of density and epitopes of D antigen on the surface of erythrocytes from DEL phenotypic individuals carrying the RHD1227A allele

Background

The characteristics of the D antigen are important as they influence the immunogenicity of D variant cells. Several studies on antigenic sites have been reported in normal D positive, weak D and partial D cases, including a comprehensive analysis of DEL types in Caucasians. The aim of this study was to assess D antigen density and epitopes on the erythrocyte surface of Asian type DEL phenotypic individuals carrying the RHD1227A allele in the Chinese population.

Materials and methods

A total of 154 DEL phenotypic individuals carrying the RHD1227A allele were identified through adsorption and elution tests and polymerase chain reaction analysis with sequence-specific primers in the Chinese population. D antigen density on the erythrocyte surface of these individuals was detected using a flow cytometric method. An erythrocyte sample with known D antigen density was used as a standard. Blood samples from D-negative and D-positive individuals were used as controls. In addition, D antigen epitopes on the erythrocyte surface of DEL individuals carrying the RHD1227A allele were investigated with 18 monoclonal anti-D antibodies specific for different D antigen epitopes.

Results

The means of the median fluorescence intensity of D antigen on the erythrocyte membrane surface of D-negative, D-positive and DEL individuals were 2.14±0.25, 193.61±11.43 and 2.45±0.82, respectively. The DEL samples were estimated to have approximately 22 D antigens per cell. The samples from all 154 DEL individuals reacted positively with 18 monoclonal anti-D antibodies specific for different D antigen epitopes.

Discussion

In this study, D antigen density on the erythrocyte surface of DEL individuals carrying the RHD1227A allele was extremely low, there being only very few antigenic molecules per cell, but the D antigen epitopes were grossly complete.